Intentional interference is illegal in the US under FCC Part 15.
Intentional interference yes. However, if you are within the FCCs power and gain limits and aren't doing something else non-kosher, like damped emissions, it is not interntional interference even if it does prevent another device from working.
2.4GHz video cameras often prevent anything co-channel from working on those frequencies if anywhere close to them.
You are still complying with 802.11 specifications, even if you are changing the beacon interval. A 14dBi panel antenna at typical basestation radio power limits is likely not exceeding FCCs power limitations. By protocol, it'll likely break another 802.11 network if it is cochannel. It isn't actually jamming anything though.
It would be a grey area though. Marriott (was it Marriott?) just got slapped by the FCC for de-authing wireless access points within their hotel conference centers...but that was also a straight up money grab by the hotel chain. FCC very well might take a dim view of "breaking" someone else's Wifi network. Then again, if they do that, then anything that intentionally interfers with another's wifi network, de-auths, same SSID at higher power levels, but different password, extremely short beacon interval would also probably be considered not okay then.
If you are also co-channel, but 20MHz band and short beacon interval at high power levels, would also likely push the base station to moving to either a different channel or to a narrow channel if it was set to auto (and remotely working okay).