Not sure about this model in particular, but there is a chance QoS on it is broken like in other Wi-Fi 7 ASUS routers. QoS is also unrelated to your upload bandwidth issue and TrendMicro signature not updating.
Adaptive QoS cannot be enabled unless I accept TrendMicro’s terms. Once enabled, the signature downloads successfully, but the upload speed remains capped at half.
Best regards.